FYBAF0007 Extragalactic astrophysics

Institute of physics in Opava
summer 2022
Extent and Intensity
3/0/0. 4 credit(s). Type of Completion: z (credit).
Guaranteed by
doc. RNDr. Jan Schee, Ph.D.
Institute of physics in Opava
Prerequisites
The precondition for course participation is the knowledge and understanding of Newtonian mechanics, formulation and solution of equations of motion. Knowledge and understanding the laws of energy conservation and angular momentum conservation.
Course Enrolment Limitations
The course is only offered to the students of the study fields the course is directly associated with.
fields of study / plans the course is directly associated with
Course objectives
The goal of the course is the introduce to students methods of measurement of extragalactic distances. Discussion of morfology, kimnematics and dynamics of the Milky Way. Classification of galaxies in general. Origin and evolution of large scale structures in expanding universe.
Learning outcomes
After successfull acomplishment of the course a student will understand the basic principles of our understanding of the origin and evolution of galaxies and large scale structures. Student will be equipped with effective tools like gravitational lensing, to determine mass distribution in the universe and determination of its parameters. He will be able to formulate own models of gravitational lens, to consruct light curves of radiating sources influenced by the gravitational lens.
Syllabus
  • During the course following topics will be discussed:
  • - Historical introduction, number count, Hubble expansion.
  • - Newton's law of gravity; spherically symmetric systems; 1st a 2nd Newton's teorem; gravitational field of spherically symmetric mass distribution, motion in the gravitational field.
  • - Milky Way - morfology; kinematics and dynamics; black hole in centre of Milky Way (Sgr A*); rotation curve and dark matter; MACHO and gravitational mikcolensing; MOND theory.
  • - World of galaxies - spiral galaxies, elliptic galaxies, Hubble classification, de Vacouleurs classification. 
 - Spirální galaxy - types of spiral galaxies; surface brightness profile; rotation curve and dark matter; spiral arms as density waves.
 - Elliptic galaxies - classification; surface brightness profile;composition; dynamics.
  • - Scaling relations - Tully-Fisher and Faber-Jackson relations. Black holes in the centre of galaxies - Schwarzchild radius; radius of the influence; kinematical evidence; examples of supermassive black holes in galaxies; corelation between the supermassive black hole mass and properties of galaxies.
  • - Extragalactic distance - distance ladder; Cepheides, SN Ia, surface brightnes of galaxies; scaling relations.
  • - 
Galaxy as gravitational lens - gravitational lensing; simple lens models (point mass, isotermal sphere); aplication (determination of the mass distribution of the lens, determination of the Hubble constant).
  • - Color evolution of galaxies; history of stellar formation and colors of galaxy; spectrum of galaxies; chemical evolution of galaxies.
  • - Cosmology - Friedman universe; kinematics and dynamics of expansion; consequences of Friedman expansion; age of the universe; cosmic microwave radiation; cosmological redshift.
  • - 
Active galactic nuclei - types; properties; engine driving AGN; accretion; superluminal motion; Eddington luminozity.
  • - Large scale sctructures; nests of galaxies; origin and evolution of large scale structures.
Literature
  • B. W. Carroll and D. A. Ostlie. An Introduction to Modern Astrophysics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1996.
  • P. Schneider etal. Extragalactic Astronomy and Cosmology. Springer, 2006.
  • H. Mo, F. Van den Bosh and S. White. Galaxy Formation and Evolution. Cambridge University Press, 2010.
  • Binney and S. Tremaine. Galactic Dynamics. Princeton University Press, New Jersey, 1987
  • V. Vanýsek. Základy astronomie a astrofyziky. Academia Praha, 1980.
Teaching methods
The course is based on lectures and discussion on given topic in the field of extragalctic astrophysics.
Assessment methods
In the beginning of the course students will be assigned semestral task from the field of extragalactic astrophysics. The successfull fullfilment of the task is precondition to the oral exam.
Language of instruction
Czech
Further Comments
The course is taught annually.
The course is taught: every week.
The course is also listed under the following terms summer 2021, summer 2023, summer 2024, summer 2025.
  • Enrolment Statistics (summer 2022, recent)
  • Permalink: https://is.slu.cz/course/fu/summer2022/FYBAF0007